Laboratories and its necessities

Laboratories play a vital role in the world of science. These places have special tools and equipment which is helpful in carrying out scientific tests and experiments. It is basically a building or a part of the building in which scientific research is done with the help of specific tools. Various medicines and vaccines are also manufactured in these laboratories. In diagnosing a patient for any sickness, some test is required which are carried out in these laboratories. For the treatment of any disease along with the test, medicine is also needed which is also invented and manufactured in these laboratories. There are different people involved in carrying out different activities in Laboratories.

Types of laboratories

On the basis of requirements laboratories can be of the following types:

Research and university laboratories: These laboratories are extensively used for research or teaching purposes only for students. It has both research labs and teaching labs. Research labs are used for scientific research whereas teaching labs are used for teaching or training purposes of medical students. Research labs do not work individually they are associated with a company that can be privately owned or government-owned company. A researcher works under post-doctorates and principal investigators.

National laboratories: These laboratories are sponsored by the country for research purposes. These laboratories carry out quality tests and research in bulk quantity. The main duty of such labs includes energy-related projects on a national level.

Diagnostic laboratories: The main feature of these labs is to test clinical samples such as urine, cholesterols, blood, etc. Doctors recommend such tests for the diagnosis of their patients which is helpful in detecting diseases and can get detailed information on their physical condition for the treatment that will be done through medication.  Most often the patients are recommended for a routine checkup which is done in these laboratories through some specialized tests.

Clinical laboratories: Various lab procedures are performed under clinical laboratories which help the physicians to treat, manage and diagnose patients. These labs collect the specimens of the patients and analyze them with the help of various tests to fulfill the need of public and medical health. These labs are generally located within the hospital to facilitate the patients without any inconvenience. These labs have many units which include Virology or Toxicology, Microbiology, Hematology, Genetics etc.

Hospital laboratories: These labs are very much similar to diagnostic labs. Various tests can be performed in these labs to gain information regarding the patients ‘physical health. The tests done in the labs are related to treatment, disease prevention and diagnosis. The most important feature of these labs is that they are directly connected to the hospital which becomes easy for the treatment of emergency patients.

List of medical tests done in the laboratories:

In order to gain health knowledge and to diagnose nonpathological and pathological states of the body various tests are performed. Some are listed below:

1. Enzyme analysis

2. Glucose tolerance test

3. Bone marrow aspiration

4. Blood typing

5. Cephalin-cholesterol flocculation

6. Epinephrine tolerance test

7. Blood count

Genetic testing

1. Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis

2. Fluorescence in situ hybridization

3. Complementation test

Physical and visual examination

1. Autopsy

2. Bronchoscopy

3. Dicktest

4. Colposcopy

5. Endoscopy

6. Laparoscopy

7. biopsy

Diagnostic imaging

1. Brain scanning

2. Angiocardiography

3. Angiography

4. Echocardiography

5. Cerebral angiography

Conclusion

Laboratories play the most important role in the medical and scientific industries. These labs are widely used for performing various tests to cure diseases and in manufacturing medicines and vaccines. Various tests thus make the diagnosis of the patients in a much easier way.